In most processing applications there is a risk of an explosion given the right conditions. Applications processing common combustible dusts such as flour, sugar, wood, metal, etc. are capable of generating an explosion if a sufficient ignition source is introduced to the vessel and the concentration of dust is of an explosible concentration. When an explosion occurs, the pressure builds rapidly. As soon as the explosion pressures surpass the maximum pressure resistance of the vessel construction, the technology will be destroyed and other connected processes (e.g. via ductwork) are at risk of secondary explosions due to propagation.

Explosion relief panels are specially manufactured sheets of stainless steel which feature a carefully scored path around most sides of the panel edge. This scored path creates a weak outline which will burst at a nominal pressure. 

Explosion vent panels need to be extensively tested and are commonly ATEX certified by a notified body according to EN 14797. There are different types of vent panels to suit a wide variety of applications, and it is important that a specialist is consulted to advise on each individual vessel/process. It is critical that the vent size is determined using the relevant calculation techniques, typically EN 14491 or NFPA 68. Using a panel which is undersized for the intended duty could prove catastrophic. There are several factors to take into account when selecting the correct vent panel, which is why it is so important that a professional, such as Coopatex, is involved in the design process.

When a vessel is protected by a suitably sized explosion vent, explosion pressures will force the vent panel open allowing the pressure & flames to escape the vessel before the explosion can develop to an intolerable level.  The vented explosion needs to be directed towards a safe area. Where this is difficult to achieve, flameless explosion venting or explosion suppression can also be used. To prevent the explosion from propagating towards connected equipment, explosion isolation can used to create an explosion barrier. Click here to read more about explosion isolation.